Land Preparation

Smooth, weed-free seedbed, well-drained with enough moisture.

Seeding Rate

Turnips

Forage varieties like Barkant,Twister, Pasja. Purple Top behaves differently. Drill 4-7 lb/ac, 1/2 inch deep. Broadcast 10-12 lb/ac on firm seedbed, cover 1/2 – 3/4 inches. Use the higher rate if fall weed suppression is the goal. Use forage varieties (e.g.

Rapeseed and hybrids

Forage varieties like Barsica and Trophy. Dwarf Essex tends to be less vigorous. Drill 5-10 lb/ac, less than 3/4 inches deep. Broadcast 8-14 lb/ac. Cover up to 1 inch. Seed can be no-tilled into suppressed sod or seeded into a conventionally prepared seedbed. Till as necessary to kill the first flush of weeds to ensure a weed free seedbed. After seeding, roll the ground to improve seed-to-soil contact but do not break up soil aggregates.

Seed Cost

2024 price: $2.00-$5.00/lb

Seeding Dates

August.  See a tool to find the last date for your specific location. (Chose “Mustard.”)

Time Until Control

Frost kill

Seed Suppliers

Ernst Conservation Seed, AMPAC Seed Company. Appin turnip winterkills reliably if sown by August 25. Pasja and Bonar rapeseed may have incomplete winter kill and require control in the spring.

Management Tricks

Roll or drag the ground after planting to ensure good seed-to-soil contact.

Unavoidable Problems

Harbor brassica diseases: do not use in rotations with brassicas.

Avoidable Problems

Slow to establish, prepare a smooth, weed free seed bed. May suppress cucurbit crops that follow.

Classic Uses

Break up compaction, low residue in spring.

Maintenance

Avoid wet spots.

Control

Incorporate in spring, any time before full flowering.

Tips

These cover crops can harbor Brassica disease; do not use in rotation with Brassicas. Useful for suppressing Sclerotinia in lettuce.